When asked about the stock market, J.P. Morgan responded: “It will fluctuate.” And indeed it does.
One of the major influences is the level of interest
rates. When rates are rising, stocks
tend to be weak. When rates are easing, stocks
tend to strengthen.
See the chart below which shows the relationship
between price-earnings ratios (valuations) and interest rates from 1880 to
2010. The extreme case was 1981, when prevailing
rates were in the mid-teens . . . and the market was in the tank. Then as rates eased stocks regained their
footing.
This ties in to the reality that even though one can calculate
a normal valuation (price-earnings ratio) for the stock market, it almost
always trades at a premium or discount.
Typically, the stock market will gain strength and wider valuations when
business earnings are climbing and interest rates are moderating. And vice-versa.
Depending on your source, you may learn that the
normal valuation of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index is between 16 and 18
times earnings. But the index is rarely
at a normal value.
At the time of this writing, the price-earnings ratio
of the index was 24.8 times, well above the typical level considered
normal. Maintenance of this level will depend
on prospective easing in interest rates and continuing advances in corporate
profits.
N. Russell Wayne
Weston, CT
Any questions: please contact me at nrwayne@soundasset.com
203-895-8877
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